{
  "id": "azelaic-acid",
  "idVersion": 1,
  "ingredient": "Azelaic acid",
  "route": "topical",
  "grade": "strong",
  "gradeLabel": "Strong",
  "claim": "Well studied in relation to calmer, clearer, more even-looking skin. And tends to be gentle.",
  "caveat": null,
  "published": "2026-09-19",
  "sources": [
    {
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.15923",
      "journal": "J Cosmet Dermatol (43-trial review)",
      "year": 2023,
      "n": null,
      "design": null,
      "duration": null,
      "percentages": [
        "15–20%",
        "20%"
      ],
      "outcome": "acne, rosacea, melasma",
      "finding": "15–20% azelaic acid gave meaningful improvement across acne, rosacea and melasma; 20% comparable to hydroquinone for melasma.",
      "formulation": "15–20% azelaic acid"
    }
  ],
  "peopleReport": null
}