{
  "id": "aha",
  "idVersion": 1,
  "ingredient": "AHAs (glycolic/lactic)",
  "route": "topical",
  "grade": "moderate",
  "gradeLabel": "Moderate",
  "claim": "Studied in relation to smoother, more refined-looking skin over time.",
  "caveat": null,
  "published": "2026-09-19",
  "sources": [
    {
      "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8651713/",
      "journal": "Archives of Dermatology",
      "year": 1996,
      "n": null,
      "design": "Vehicle-controlled trial",
      "duration": null,
      "percentages": [
        "8%",
        "76%",
        "71%",
        "40%"
      ],
      "outcome": "photodamage",
      "finding": "Vehicle-controlled: 8% glycolic and 8% lactic creams improved photodamage in 76%/71% of facial sides vs 40% vehicle.",
      "formulation": "8% glycolic cream, 8% lactic cream"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8642081/",
      "journal": "J Am Acad Dermatol",
      "year": 1996,
      "n": null,
      "design": null,
      "duration": null,
      "percentages": [
        "25%"
      ],
      "outcome": "skin thickness, dermal remodelling",
      "finding": "AHAs produced ~25% increase in skin thickness with epidermal and dermal remodelling.",
      "formulation": null
    }
  ],
  "peopleReport": null
}